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1How does a food web differ from a food chain?
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Answer: A food web shows multiple interconnected feeding relationships in an ecosystem
A food web is made up of many interconnected food chains, showing the complex feeding relationships within an ecosystem.
2During inhalation, the diaphragm contracts and moves downward. How does this action allow air to enter the lungs?
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Answer: It increases the volume of the chest cavity, lowering air pressure inside the lungs so air flows in
When the diaphragm contracts and moves down, chest cavity volume increases and pressure decreases, drawing air into the lungs.
3An object moves a distance of 162 meters in 9 seconds at a constant rate. What is its speed?
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Answer: 18 m/s
Speed = distance / time = 162 m / 9 s = 18 m/s. Wrong choices add, multiply, or subtract the values instead of dividing.
4Which structure modifies, packages, and ships proteins to their destination within or outside the cell?
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Answer: Golgi apparatus
The Golgi apparatus processes and packages proteins made by ribosomes and prepares them for transport.
5A trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce in its environment is called an
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Answer: adaptation
An adaptation is an inherited feature that improves an organism's chances of surviving and reproducing in its environment.
6A liquid started at 18 degrees C. During an experiment its temperature fell by 5 degrees C. What was the final temperature?
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Answer: 13 degrees C
The temperature fell by 5 degrees, so the final temperature is 18 - 5 = 13 degrees C.
7If a cell's ribosomes stopped functioning entirely, which process would be most directly and immediately affected?
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Answer: Protein synthesis
Ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis, so their failure would directly halt the production of proteins the cell needs.
8Convert 4 centimeters to millimeters. (1 centimeter = 10 millimeter)
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Answer: 40 millimeters
Multiply by 10: 4 x 10 = 40 millimeters.
9What should a scientist do if experimental data does not support the original hypothesis?
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Answer: Revise the hypothesis and consider redesigning the experiment
Good scientific practice requires revising hypotheses in light of unsupportive data rather than dismissing or altering results.
10Why do energy pyramids typically have very few top predators compared to producers?
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Answer: Energy is lost as heat at each trophic level, leaving less available energy to support higher levels
Energy loss at each level means less energy is available to support organisms higher in the pyramid, so fewer top predators can be sustained.